The entropy of bulk quantum fields and the entanglement wedge of an evaporating black hole

Abstract\n \n Bulk quantum fields are often said to contribute to the generalized entropy \n \n $$ \\frac{A}{4{G}_N}+{S}_{\\mathrm{bulk}} $$\n \n \n A\n \n 4\n \n G\n N\n \n \n \n +\n \n S\n bulk\n \n \n \n only at O(1). Nonetheless, in the context of evaporating black holes, O(1/GN ) gradients in S\n bulk can arise due to large boosts, introducing a quantum extremal surface far from any classical extremal surface. We examine the effect of such bulk quantum effects on quantum extremal surfaces (QESs) and the resulting entanglement wedge in a simple two-boundary 2d bulk system defined by Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity coupled to a 1+1 CFT. Turning on a coupling between one boundary and a further external auxiliary…