Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Kidney and Cardiovascular Function

SGLT2 inhibitors are antihyperglycemic drugs that protect kidneys and the heart of patients with or without type 2 diabetes and preserved or reduced kidney function from failing. The involved protective mechanisms include blood glucose-dependent and -independent mechanisms: SGLT2 inhibitors prevent both hyper- and hypoglycemia, with expectedly little net effect on HbA1C. Metabolic adaptations to induced urinary glucose loss include reduced fat mass and more ketone bodies as additional fuel. SGLT2 inhibitors lower glomerular capillary hypertension and hyperfiltration, thereby reducing the physical stress on the filtration barrier, albuminuria, and the oxygen demand for tubular reabsorption. This improves…

• UD
  U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
• A
  Amgen
• BS
  Bristol-Myers Squibb
• EL
  Eli Lilly and Company
• A
  AstraZeneca
• S
  Sanofi
• HA
  Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
• FM
  Fresenius Medical Care North America
• NN
  Novo Nordisk
• SP
  Sun Pharma
• HT
  HLS Therapeutics
• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Awards: RF1AG061296, R01HL139836, R01DK106102, P30DK079337, R01DK112042
• UO
  University of California, San Diego
• CI
  Canadian Institutes of Health Research
• JP
  Janssen Pharmaceuticals