A blood–brain barrier overview on structure, function, impairment, and biomarkers of integrity

The blood-brain barrier is playing a critical role in controlling the influx and efflux of biological substances essential for the brain's metabolic activity as well as neuronal function. Thus, the functional and structural integrity of the BBB is pivotal to maintain the homeostasis of the brain microenvironment. The different cells and structures contributing to developing this barrier are summarized along with the different functions that BBB plays at the brain-blood interface. We also explained the role of shear stress in maintaining BBB integrity. Furthermore, we elaborated on the clinical aspects that correlate between BBB disruption and different neurological and pathological conditions. Finally, we…

• NI
  National Institutes of Health
• NI
  National Institute on Drug Abuse

  Awards: 2R01-DA029121-01A1, 1R01DA049737-01
• NI
  National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

  Award: 1R01NS117906-01