Gallic acid: Pharmacological activities and molecular mechanisms involved in inflammation-related diseases

Gallic acid (GA), also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, is a natural secondary metabolite and widely isolated from various fruits, plants and nuts. In recent years, GA has received increasing attention for its powerful anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this review is to clearly illuminate the pharmacological activities and related molecular mechanisms of GA in inflammatory diseases. After consulting a large number of literatures, we made a comprehensive exposition on the chemical characteristics, plant origins, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of GA, especially its pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action. Although the plant source of GA is very rich, its lower extraction rate limits…

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China
• MO
  Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
• CP
  China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
• DO
  Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province
• SA
  State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China
• CU
  Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine