Neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders: the roles of microglia and astrocytes

Neuroinflammation is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Microglia and astrocytes are key regulators of inflammatory responses in the central nervous system. The activation of microglia and astrocytes is heterogeneous and traditionally categorized as neurotoxic (M1-phenotype microglia and A1-phenotype astrocytes) or neuroprotective (M2-phenotype microglia and A2-phenotype astrocytes). However, this dichotomized classification may not reflect the various phenotypes of microglia and astrocytes. The relationship between these activated glial cells is also very complicated, and the phenotypic distribution can change, based…

• NR
  National Research Foundation
• MO
  Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning

  Award: 2018R1A2A2A15023219
• MO
  Ministry of Health and Welfare

  Award: grant number: HI20C0253
• KH
  Korea Health Industry Development Institute

  Awards: HI20C0253, 2017R1A5A2015395
• NR
  National Research Foundation of Korea

  Awards: 2017R1A5A2015395, 2018R1A2A2A15023219