The barley pan-genome reveals the hidden legacy of mutation breeding

Abstract Genetic diversity is key to crop improvement. Owing to pervasive genomic structural variation, a single reference genome assembly cannot capture the full complement of sequence diversity of a crop species (known as the ‘pan-genome’ 1 ). Multiple high-quality sequence assemblies are an indispensable component of a pan-genome infrastructure. Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop with a long history of cultivation that is adapted to a wide range of agro-climatic conditions 2 . Here we report the construction of chromosome-scale sequence assemblies for the genotypes of 20 varieties of barley—comprising landraces, cultivars and a wild barley—that were selected as representatives of…

• GC
  Genome Canada
• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 31620103912, 2018YFD1000701, CARS-05, 2018YFD1000700
• BF
  Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung

  Award: 031B0190
• GP
  Genome Prairie
• GN
  German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure

  Award: FKZ 031A536
• BA
  Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

  Award: BB/I00663X/1
• AS
  Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program
• CR
  Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology

  Award: JPMJCR16O4
• JP
  JST-Mirai Program

  Award: 18076896