Cross-cohort gut microbiome associations with immune checkpoint inhibitor response in advanced melanoma

The composition of the gut microbiome has been associated with clinical responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment, but there is limited consensus on the specific microbiome characteristics linked to the clinical benefits of ICIs. We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing of stool samples collected before ICI initiation from five observational cohorts recruiting ICI-naive patients with advanced cutaneous melanoma (n = 165). Integrating the dataset with 147 metagenomic samples from previously published studies, we found that the gut microbiome has a relevant, but cohort-dependent, association with the response to ICIs. A machine learning analysis confirmed the link between the microbiome and…

• WT
  Wellcome Trust

  Award: 100282/Z/12/Z
• SF
  Seerave Foundation
• CR
  Cancer Research UK

  Awards: A27412 and A22902, A22902, A27412
• MD
  Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca

  Awards: H2020, RBFR13EWWI_001
• UD
  Università degli Studi di Trento
• KK
  KWF Kankerbestrijding

  Awards: 10034 POINTING, 10034
• IG
  Institut Gustave-Roussy
• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Awards: 1U01CA230551, H2020
• H2
  Horizon 2020 Framework Programme

  Awards: 818368, ONCOBIOME-825410 project, ONCOBIOME-825410, MASTER-818368 project, 825410
• MR
  Medical Research Council

  Awards: MR/MO19012/1, MR/M019012/1
• ID
  Instituto de Salud Carlos III

  Awards: PI15/00716, PI15/00956, H2020
• ER
  European Regional Development Fund

  Award: H2020
• NC
  National Cancer Institute

  Award: 1U01CA230551