Human topoisomerases and their roles in genome stability and organization

Human topoisomerases comprise a family of six enzymes: two type IB (TOP1 and mitochondrial TOP1 (TOP1MT), two type IIA (TOP2A and TOP2B) and two type IA (TOP3A and TOP3B) topoisomerases. In this Review, we discuss their biochemistry and their roles in transcription, DNA replication and chromatin remodelling, and highlight the recent progress made in understanding TOP3A and TOP3B. Because of recent advances in elucidating the high-order organization of the genome through chromatin loops and topologically associating domains (TADs), we integrate the functions of topoisomerases with genome organization. We also discuss the physiological and pathological formation of irreversible topoisomerase cleavage complexes…

• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Awards: 16H06306, Z01-BC-006161, Z01 BC 006150, BC 006161, Z01 BC 006161
• JS
  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

  Awards: 16H12595, 16H06306
• NC
  National Cancer Institute

  Awards: 006150, Z01 BC 006161, BC 006150, 16H06306, Z01-BC-006161, Z01 BC 006150