articleNatureMar 16, 2022HYBRID OA

Reproducible brain-wide association studies require thousands of individuals

SMScott MarekBTBrenden Tervo‐ClemmensFJFinnegan J. CalabroDFDavid F. MontezBPBenjamin P. Kay

Washington University in St. Louis · Harvard University · +12 more institutions

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Abstract

Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has transformed our understanding of the human brain through well-replicated mapping of abilities to specific structures (for example, lesion studies) and functions 1–3 (for example, task functional MRI (fMRI)). Mental health research and care have yet to realize similar advances from MRI. A primary challenge has been replicating associations between inter-individual differences in brain structure or function and complex cognitive or mental health phenotypes (brain-wide association studies (BWAS)). Such BWAS have typically relied on sample sizes appropriate for classical brain mapping 4 (the median neuroimaging study sample size is about 25), but potentially too small…

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Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Neuroimaging
  • Sample size determination
  • Replication (statistics)
  • Univariate
  • Imaging genetics
  • Cognition
  • Psychology
  • Brain size
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