Biodiesel production from mixed oils: A sustainable approach towards industrial biofuel production

Biodiesel is considered eco-friendly, biodegradable, non-toxic, and carbon-neutral fuel. It is made from edible or non-edible oil feedstocks including other triglyceride sources. The production of biodiesel depends on the availability of a particular feedstock and the cost of desired raw materials. Biodiesel is mainly produced by the transesterification process using a suitable catalyst preferably a heterogeneous catalyst as it is more beneficial in terms of reusability, recovery, product purity, and production cost as well. Various reactors are developed to produce cost-effective biodiesel at the commercial level. The latest trend in biodiesel synthesis is the application of the machine learning (ML)…