reviewClinical NeurophysiologyMay 18, 2022HYBRID OA

Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain: What is stimulated? – A consensus and critical position paper

HRHartwig R. SiebnerKFKlaus FunkeASAman S. AberraAAAndrea AntalSBSven Bestmann

University of Copenhagen · Bispebjerg Hospital · +32 more institutions

PubMed
Indexed incrossrefpubmed

Abstract

Transcranial (electro)magnetic stimulation (TMS) is currently the method of choice to non-invasively induce neural activity in the human brain. A single transcranial stimulus induces a time-varying electric field in the brain that may evoke action potentials in cortical neurons. The spatial relationship between the locally induced electric field and the stimulated neurons determines axonal depolarization. The induced electric field is influenced by the conductive properties of the tissue compartments and is strongest in the superficial parts of the targeted cortical gyri and underlying white matter. TMS likely targets axons of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons. The propensity of individual axons to fire…

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Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Neuroscience
  • Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
  • Excitatory postsynaptic potential
  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation
  • Axon
  • Depolarization
  • Stimulus (psychology)
  • Stimulation
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