Understanding of Sodium Storage Mechanism in Hard Carbons: Ongoing Development under Debate

Abstract Hard carbons are promising anode candidates for sodium‐ion batteries due to their excellent Na‐storage performance, abundant resources, and low cost. Despite the recent advances in hard carbons, the interpretation of the Na‐storage mechanism in hard carbons remains unclear, with discrepancies over a general model describing the corresponding structure–property relationship. For the rational structural design of high‐performance hard carbon anodes, a thorough understanding of the charge storage mechanism and the relationship between microstructure and Na‐storage performance is critical. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the known models to describe the Na‐storage mechanism in hard…

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China
• BM
  Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission

  Award: Z181100004718007
• FR
  Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

  Award: buctrc202141