Turmeric-derived nanovesicles as novel nanobiologics for targeted therapy of ulcerative colitis

TNVs were isolated and purified through differential centrifugation. The targeted ability was evaluated on the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model by IVIS imaging system. The anti-inflammation efficacy was studied in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages and DSS-induced acute and chronic colitic mouse model. In addition, the influence of TNVs on the intestinal microbiota was investigated via 16S rRNA microbiome sequence and the condition of macrophage polarization after TNVs treatment was analyzed by flow cytometry.

TNVs were isolated and characterized as nano-size spheroids. The IVIS imaging experiment indicated that orally administrated TNVs could accumulate in the inflamed colon sites and exhibited superior anti-inflammatory activity both in vitro and in vivo. The 16S rRNA sequencing suggested the important role of TNVs in the regulation of gut microbiota. Further, TNVs could promote the transformation of M1 phenotype to M2 macrophages and restore the damaged intestinal epithelium barrier to exert the anti-colitis efficacy.