Lipoprotein(a) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and aortic stenosis: a European Atherosclerosis Society consensus statement

This 2022 European Atherosclerosis Society lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] consensus statement updates evidence for the role of Lp(a) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and aortic valve stenosis, provides clinical guidance for testing and treating elevated Lp(a) levels, and considers its inclusion in global risk estimation. Epidemiologic and genetic studies involving hundreds of thousands of individuals strongly support a causal and continuous association between Lp(a) concentration and cardiovascular outcomes in different ethnicities; elevated Lp(a) is a risk factor even at very low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. High Lp(a) is associated with both microcalcification and…

• UD
  U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
• A
  Amgen
• EL
  Eli Lilly and Company
• P
  Pfizer
• A
  AstraZeneca
• S
  Sanofi
• GS
  Gilead Sciences
• BS
  Boston Scientific Corporation
• RP
  Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
• IP
  Ionis Pharmaceuticals
• AC
  Amarin Corporation
• QD
  Quest Diagnostics
• KC
  Kowa Company
• M
  Mylan
• EA
  European Atherosclerosis Society
• AP
  Amryt Pharma
• D
  Daiichi-Sankyo
• S
  Servier
• WH
  World Heart Federation
• ST
  Silence Therapeutics
• ET
  Esperion Therapeutics
• NI
  National Institutes of Health
• G
  Genentech