Novel antigen-presenting cell imparts Treg-dependent tolerance to gut microbiota

Abstract Establishing and maintaining tolerance to self-antigens or innocuous foreign antigens is vital for the preservation of organismal health. Within the thymus, medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) expressing autoimmune regulator (AIRE) have a critical role in self-tolerance through deletion of autoreactive T cells and promotion of thymic regulatory T (T reg ) cell development 1–4 . Within weeks of birth, a separate wave of T reg cell differentiation occurs in the periphery upon exposure to antigens derived from the diet and commensal microbiota 5–8 , yet the cell types responsible for the generation of peripheral T reg (pT reg ) cells have not been identified. Here we describe the identification of…

• HH
  Howard Hughes Medical Institute

  Award: P30 CA08748
• CN
  Conrad N. Hilton Foundation
• MS
  Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

  Award: P30 CA08748
• LI
  Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research
• WT
  Wellcome Trust

  Award: WT201483/Z/16/Z
• PI
  Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy
• CF
  Cycle for Survival
• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Awards: U54 CA209975, CCSG, P30 CA08748, P30 CA08748, CA08748, R01AI034206, T32GM007739
• LC
  Ludwig Center at Harvard
• MA
  Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology
• NC
  National Cancer Institute

  Awards: T32GM007739, P30 CA08748, CA08748, U54 CA209975, CA209975, CCSG, P30 CA08748
• NI
  National Institute of General Medical Sciences

  Award: T32GM007739
• NI
  National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

  Awards: T32GM007739, F30AI154660