Two‐Photon Polymerization: Fundamentals, Materials, and Chemical Modification Strategies
Dublin City University · University Hospital Galway · +4 more institutions
Abstract
Two-photon polymerization (TPP) has become a premier state-of-the-art method for microscale fabrication of bespoke polymeric devices and surfaces. With applications ranging from the production of optical, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and microfluidic devices, TPP has grown immensely in the past two decades. Significantly, the field has expanded from standard acrylate- and epoxy-based photoresists to custom formulated monomers designed to change the hydrophilicity, surface chemistry, mechanical properties, and more of the resulting structures. This review explains the essentials of TPP, from its initial conception through to standard operating principles and advanced chemical modification strategies for…
Citation impact
- FWCI
- 16.59
- Percentile
- 100%
- References
- 129
Authors
4Topics & keywords
- Nanotechnology
- Materials science
- Polymerization
- Microscale chemistry
- Cationic polymerization
- Acrylate
- Drug delivery
- Surface modification