A State-of-the-Art Review on Geothermal Energy Extraction, Utilization, and Improvement Strategies: Conventional, Hybridized, and Enhanced Geothermal Systems

The rising population along with a growing reliance on modern technology has increased energy demand. Energy sources must be used with caution as the focus on developing a sustainable environment grows. Renewable energy technology is required to create energy resources that will be much more sustainable than today's fossil-fuel energy systems. In the past few decades, studies have indicated that utilizing geothermal energy as well as enhancing the efficiency of geothermal systems currently being used are both viable choices for addressing these challenges. Despite its constraints compared to other renewable energy sources, geothermal energy produced by Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) reduces environmental…