articleEuropean Journal of Heart FailureApr 27, 2023BRONZE OA

Worsening of Chronic Heart Failure: Definition, Epidemiology, Management and Prevention. A Clinical Consensus Statement by the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology

MMMarco MetraDTDaniela TomasoniMAMarianna AdamoABAntoni Bayés‐GenísGFGerasimos Filippatos

Surgical Specialties (Canada) · Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia · +52 more institutions

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Abstract

Episodes of worsening symptoms and signs characterize the clinical course of patients with chronic heart failure (HF). These events are associated with poorer quality of life, increased risks of hospitalization and death and are a major burden on healthcare resources. They usually require diuretic therapy, either administered intravenously or by escalation of oral doses or with combinations of different diuretic classes. Additional treatments may also have a major role, including initiation of guideline-recommended medical therapy (GRMT). Hospital admission is often necessary but treatment in the emergency service or in outpatient clinics or by primary care physicians has become increasingly used. Prevention…

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178
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Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Medicine
  • Heart failure
  • Intensive care medicine
  • Guideline
  • Diuretic
  • Epidemiology
  • Internal medicine
  • Pathology
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