Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Energy Carrier: NH 3 Cracking to H 2

In the energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables,hydrogenis a realistic alternative to achieving the decarbonization target.However, its chemical and physical properties make its storage andtransport expensive. To ensure the cost-effective H-2 usageas an energy vector, other chemicals are getting attention as H-2 carriers. Among them, ammonia is the most promising candidate.The value chain of NH3 as a H-2 carrier, consideringthe long-distance ship transport, includes NH3 synthesisand storage at the loading terminal, NH3 storage at theunloading terminal, and its cracking to release H-2. NH3 synthesis and cracking are the cost drivers of the valuechain. Also, the NH3 cracking at large scale is not a…