Renewable energy integration with electric vehicle technology: A review of the existing smart charging approaches

The worsening energy crisis, growing environmental consciousness, and the detrimental consequences of climate change, prompted governments to reduce carbon footprints. One of the approaches involved is adopting green energy technology to charge electric vehicles (EVs). The US Department of Energy estimates that EVs may effectively use 60% of the input energy while driving, twice as much as traditional fossil fuel-based vehicles. Although EVs are tremendously efficient, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions they can reduce relies on the source of electricity needed to power them. To summarize the role of RE as a viable charging alternative, in this study, we analyze four essential elements of EV charging…