M1/M2 macrophages and their overlaps – myth or reality?

Macrophages represent heterogeneous cell population with important roles in defence mechanisms and in homoeostasis. Tissue macrophages from diverse anatomical locations adopt distinct activation states. M1 and M2 macrophages are two polarized forms of mononuclear phagocyte in vitro differentiation with distinct phenotypic patterns and functional properties, but in vivo, there is a wide range of different macrophage phenotypes in between depending on the microenvironment and natural signals they receive. In human infections, pathogens use different strategies to combat macrophages and these strategies include shaping the macrophage polarization towards one or another phenotype. Macrophages infiltrating the…

• UK
  Univerzita Karlova v Praze

  Award: 00023001
• GA
  Grantová Agentura, Univerzita Karlova

  Award: GA UK No. 94323
• WT
  Wellcome Trust

  Award: 217093/Z/19/Z
• MR
  Medical Research Council

  Awards: MR/V010972/1, MR/V010972/1