Multitargeted Immunomodulatory Therapy for Viral Myocarditis by Engineered Extracellular Vesicles

Immune regulation therapies are considered promising for treating classically activated macrophage (M1)-driven viral myocarditis (VM). Alternatively, activated macrophage (M2)-derived extracellular vesicles (M2 EVs) have great immunomodulatory potential owing to their ability to reprogram macrophages, but their therapeutic efficacy is hampered by insufficient targeting capacity in vivo. Therefore, we developed cardiac-targeting peptide (CTP) and platelet membrane (PM)-engineered M2 EVs enriched with viral macrophage inflammatory protein-II (vMIP-II), termed CTP/PM-M2 EVsvMIP-II-Lamp2b, to improve the delivery of EVs “cargo” to the heart tissues. In a mouse model of VM, the intravenously injected CTP/PM-M2…

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 81701557, 81802503, 81870017, 82100019, 82170368, 81772180, 82072370
• WM
  Wuhu Municipal Science and Technology Bureau

  Award: 2022jc56
• NS
  Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province

  Awards: 2108085QH307, 2108085J44