Battery safety: Machine learning-based prognostics

Lithium-ion batteries play a pivotal role in a wide range of applications, from electronic devices to large-scale electrified transportation systems and grid-scale energy storage. Nevertheless, they are vulnerable to both progressive aging and unexpected failures, which can result in catastrophic events such as explosions or fires. Given their expanding global presence, the safety of these batteries and potential hazards from serious malfunctions are now major public concerns. Over the past decade, scholars and industry experts are intensively exploring methods to monitor battery safety, spanning from materials to cell, pack and system levels and across various spectral, spatial, and temporal scopes. In this…