articleNature CommunicationsFeb 21, 2024GOLD OA

4D printed hydrogel scaffold with swelling-stiffening properties and programmable deformation for minimally invasive implantation

Hebei University of Technology · Chinese Academy of Sciences · +6 more institutions

PubMed
Indexed incrossrefdoajpubmed

Abstract

The power of three-dimensional printing in designing personalized scaffolds with precise dimensions and properties is well-known. However, minimally invasive implantation of complex scaffolds is still challenging. Here, we develop amphiphilic dynamic thermoset polyurethanes catering for multi-material four-dimensional printing to fabricate supportive scaffolds with body temperature-triggered shape memory and water-triggered programmable deformation. Shape memory effect enables the two-dimensional printed pattern to be fixed into temporary one-dimensional shape, facilitating transcatheter delivery. Upon implantation, the body temperature triggers shape recovery of the one-dimensional shape to its original…

No related works found for this paper.

Funding