SARS-CoV-2-infection- and vaccine-induced antibody responses are long lasting with an initial waning phase followed by a stabilization phase

It is thought that mRNA-based vaccine-induced immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wanes quickly, based mostly on short-term studies. Here, we analyzed the kinetics and durability of the humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination using >8,000 longitudinal samples collected over a 3-year period in New York City. Upon primary immunization, participants with pre-existing immunity mounted higher antibody responses faster and achieved higher steady-state antibody titers than naive individuals. Antibody kinetics were characterized by two phases: an initial rapid decay, followed by a stabilization phase with very slow decay. Booster vaccination equalized the…

• UD
  U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
• GC
  Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance

  Award: UL1TR004419
• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Awards: UL1TR004419, 75N93021C00014, COVID-19, 75N91021F00001
• NC
  National Cancer Institute

  Award: 75N93021C00014
• NI
  National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

  Awards: COVID-19, U19 AI168631, 75N93021C00014
• NC
  National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences

  Award: UL1TR004419