Synthesis, properties, applications, 3D printing and machine learning of graphene quantum dots in polymer nanocomposites

This comprehensive review discusses the recent progress in synthesis, properties, applications, 3D printing and machine learning of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) in polymer composites. It explores various synthesis methods, highlighting the size control and surface functionalization of GQDs. The unique electronic structure, tunable bandgap, and optical properties of GQDs are examined. Strategies for incorporating GQDs into polymer matrices and their effects on mechanical, electrical, thermal, and optical properties are discussed. Applications of GQD-based polymer composites in optoelectronics, energy storage, sensors, and biomedical devices are also reviewed. The challenges and future prospects of GQD-based…