A review on battery energy storage systems: Applications, developments, and research trends of hybrid installations in the end-user sector

The sharp and continuous deployment of intermittent Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and especially of Photovoltaics (PVs) poses serious challenges on modern power systems. Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are seen as a promising technology to tackle the arising technical bottlenecks, gathering significant attention in recent years. Particularly, they are gaining increasing interest in the context of hybrid PV-BESS installations, enabling various benefits for both residential and non-residential end-users. The aim of this work is to provide a detailed overview of BESS-related aspects, focusing on the applications, developments, and research trends of hybrid installations in the end-user sector. To this…