Macrophage polarization in rheumatoid arthritis: signaling pathways, metabolic reprogramming, and crosstalk with synovial fibroblasts
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine · Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine · +1 more institution
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation and progressive joint destruction. Macrophages are key effector cells that play a central role in RA pathogenesis through their ability to polarize into distinct functional phenotypes. An imbalance favoring pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages over anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages disrupts immune homeostasis and exacerbates joint inflammation. Multiple signaling pathways, including Notch, JAK/STAT, NF-κb, and MAPK, regulate macrophage polarization towards the M1 phenotype in RA. Metabolic reprogramming also contributes to this process, with M1 macrophages prioritizing glycolysis while M2 macrophages utilize…
Citation impact
- FWCI
- 62.79
- Percentile
- 100%
- References
- 82
Authors
13- YZYixin Zheng
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- KWKai Wei
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- PJPing Jiang
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- JZJianan Zhao
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- YSYu Shan
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
Topics & keywords
- Macrophage polarization
- Inflammation
- Crosstalk
- Immune system
- Macrophage
- Synovitis
- Cell biology
- Immunology
- Good health and well-being