A comprehensive review of FACTS devices in modern power systems: Addressing power quality, optimal placement, and stability with renewable energy penetration

Incorporating Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices into modern power systems is a crucial field of study, mainly due to the growing adoption of renewable energy sources. This paper thoroughly examines the role and efficacy of FACTS devices in improving power quality and maintaining stability in both conventional power systems and those that heavily rely on renewable energy sources. At first, the central aspect of the review centers on different FACTS devices, including Static VAR Compensators (SVC), Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitors (TCSC), Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFC), and distributed power flow controllers (DPFC). A comprehensive analysis of each device's operational principles,…