ChatGPT prompts for generating multiple-choice questions in medical education and evidence on their validity: a literature review

ChatGPT's role in creating multiple-choice questions (MCQs) is growing but the validity of these artificial-intelligence-generated questions is unclear. This literature review was conducted to address the urgent need for understanding the application of ChatGPT in generating MCQs for medical education. Following the database search and screening of 1920 studies, we found 23 relevant studies. We extracted the prompts for MCQ generation and assessed the validity evidence of MCQs. The findings showed that prompts varied, including referencing specific exam styles and adopting specific personas, which align with recommended prompt engineering tactics. The validity evidence covered various domains, showing mixed…