Reference Hallucination Score for Medical Artificial Intelligence Chatbots: Development and Usability Study

Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots have recently gained use in medical practice by health care practitioners. Interestingly, the output of these AI chatbots was found to have varying degrees of hallucination in content and references. Such hallucinations generate doubts about their output and their implementation.

The aim of our study was to propose a reference hallucination score (RHS) to evaluate the authenticity of AI chatbots' citations.