Mechanisms, design, and fabrication strategies for emerging electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials

The rapid development of intelligent devices imposes new demands on electromagnetic wave (EMW)-absorbing materials, especially concerning wide-spectrum absorption, frequency band manipulation, and multifunctional integration. However, conventional investigations of EMW-absorbing materials face several challenges that collectively limit the effectiveness of existing materials amid growing demands, including ambiguous electromagnetic (EM) loss mechanisms, impedance mismatches, and deficiencies in integrated design. This review elucidates new EM loss mechanisms, delineates key bridge mechanisms linking microscopic and macroscopic factors, and proposes dielectric polarization models to clarify EM loss mechanisms.…

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 51872238, 52074227, 21806129
• NP
  Northwestern Polytechnical University

  Award: CX2023094
• NS
  Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province

  Awards: 2017JQ5116, 2020JM-118
• FR
  Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

  Awards: 5000220455, 3102019AX11, 3102018zy045