3D‐Printed Hydrogel‐Based Flexible Electrochromic Device for Wearable Displays

Flexible electrochromic devices (FECDs) are widely explored for diverse applications including wearable electronics, camouflage, and smart windows. However, the manufacturing process of patterned FECDs remains complex, costly, and non-customizable. To address this challenge, a strategy is proposed to prepare integrated FECDs via multi-material direct writing 3D printing. By designing novel viologen/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel inks and systematically evaluating the printability of various inks, seamless interface integration can be achieved, enabling streamlined manufacturing of patterned FECDs with continuous production capabilities. The resultant 3D-printed FECDs exhibit excellent electrochromic and…

• IR
  Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 82060563, 52373184
• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Award: 52373184
• NS
  Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province

  Awards: 20232ACB204002, 20232BAB202044
• ED
  Education Department of Jiangxi Province
• KR
  Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province

  Award: 20223BBE51023
• JS
  Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University

  Award: 2022BSQD10
• KL
  Key Laboratory Of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

  Award: 20212BCD42004
• FO
  Foundation of Jiangxi Educational Commission

  Awards: 20232ACB206039, 20232BAB202044, 20232ACB204002
• NK
  National Key Research and Development Program of China

  Award: 2022YFB3803900
• SA
  Science and Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province

  Award: YC2022‐s782