GENCODE 2025: reference gene annotation for human and mouse

GENCODE produces comprehensive reference gene annotation for human and mouse. Entering its twentieth year, the project remains highly active as new technologies and methodologies allow us to catalog the genome at ever-increasing granularity. In particular, long-read transcriptome sequencing enables us to identify large numbers of missing transcripts and to substantially improve existing models, and our long non-coding RNA catalogs have undergone a dramatic expansion and reconfiguration as a result. Meanwhile, we are incorporating data from state-of-the-art proteomics and Ribo-seq experiments to fine-tune our annotation of translated sequences, while further insights into function can be gained from…

• WT
  Wellcome Trust

  Award: WT222155/Z/20/Z
• EM
  European Molecular Biology Laboratory
• NI
  National Institutes of Health
• NH
  National Human Genome Research Institute

  Awards: U24HG011451, U24HG007234