Overcoming Challenges in Small-Molecule Drug Bioavailability: A Review of Key Factors and Approaches

University of California, Los Angeles · Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science · +3 more institutions

PubMed
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Abstract

The bioavailability of small-molecule drugs remains a critical challenge in pharmaceutical development, significantly impacting therapeutic efficacy and commercial viability. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding and overcoming bioavailability limitations, focusing on key physicochemical and biological factors influencing drug absorption and distribution. We examine cutting-edge strategies for enhancing bioavailability, including innovative formulation approaches, rational structural modifications, and the application of artificial intelligence in drug design. The integration of nanotechnology, 3D printing, and stimuli-responsive delivery systems are highlighted as promising avenues for…

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