Advancements in hydrogen gas leakage detection sensor technologies and safety measures

Abstract Hydrogen is hailed as a plentiful and clean energy source, which holds promise as a substitute for fossil fuels, particularly when produced through solar water splitting. However, its volatile and explosive nature necessitates stringent safety measures throughout its production, transportation, and utilization. This study analyzes hydrogen gas leakage detection by using various sensors such as ultrasonic, electrochemical, metal oxide (MOX), catalytic, and fiber Bragg grating sensors. Various sensor technologies are developed for hydrogen leak detection, and each offers unique advantages and challenges. Fiber optic sensors, leveraging changes in light interference, provide explosion resistance and…