articlePhysical review. D/Physical review. D.Jan 6, 2025LVGREEN OA

Multidimensionality of the Hubble tension: The roles of Ω m and ω c

University of Trento · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics And Applications · +2 more institutions

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Abstract

The Hubble tension is inherently multidimensional and bears important implications for parameters beyond ${H}_{0}$. We discuss the key role of the matter density parameter ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{m}$ and the physical cold dark matter density ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{c}$. We argue that once ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{m}$ and the physical baryon density ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{b}$ are calibrated, through baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and/or type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) for ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{m}$, and via big bang nucleosynthesis for ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{b}$, any model raising ${H}_{0}$ requires raising ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{c}$ and, under minimal assumptions, also the…

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