Glioblastoma: Clinical Presentation, Multidisciplinary Management, and Long-Term Outcomes

Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, presents a formidable challenge due to its rapid progression, treatment resistance, and poor survival outcomes. Standard care typically involves maximal safe surgical resection, followed by fractionated external beam radiation therapy and concurrent temozolomide chemotherapy. Despite these interventions, median survival remains approximately 12-15 months, with a five-year survival rate below 10%. Prognosis is influenced by factors such as patient age, molecular characteristics, and the extent of resection. Patients with IDH-mutant tumors or methylated MGMT promoters generally have improved survival, while recurrent glioblastoma is…