A review of the recent advancements in adsorption technology for removing antibiotics from hospital wastewater

Environmental contamination by antibiotics poses a significant threat to human health and ecosystems. As one of the primary sources of antibiotic pollutants, hospital wastewater often contains significantly higher concentrations of various antibiotics and other chemicals compared with municipal wastewater. The high-risk and complex nature of hospital wastewater presents significant challenges for conventional treatment efforts to mitigate the impact of antibiotics. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the contamination levels, sources, and associated biological hazards of various antibiotic classes commonly found in hospital wastewater. It focuses on the advancements of adsorption technology…