Pyrolysis of plastic waste for sustainable energy Recovery: Technological advancements and environmental impacts

• Pyrolysis offers a sustainable solution for managing plastic waste. • Catalysts improve pyrolysis efficiency and product quality. • Temperature and residence time critically impact pyrolysis outcomes. • Oil, gas, and char yields vary with pyrolysis conditions. • Policy support is vital for the adoption of pyrolysis technology. The global plastic waste crisis requires innovative solutions, and pyrolysis has emerged as a promising technology. This review critically examines pyrolysis technologies for plastic waste management, focusing on their efficiency, economic potential, and environmental impact. Pyrolysis can convert 60 %–80 % of plastic waste into liquid fuels, with yields of up to 85 % in fast pyrolysis…