Adjusting the electronic structure of Keggin-type polyoxometalates to construct S-scheme heterojunction for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

The sluggish electron migration rate and pronounced electron-hole recombination, pose significant obstacles to achieving high photocatalytic efficiency. The utilization of multiple catalysts for the construction of heterojunctions can effectively enhance charge separation. A series of Keggin-type hollow dodecahedral polyoxometalates were prepared via hydrothermal synthesis, and their molecular orbitals were modified through the addition of metal elements. The incorporation of metal elements modulated the electronic structure of polyoxometalates, effectively enhancing the electron aggregation capability of polyoxometalates. Single-component catalysts often face serious hole-electron recombination. In order to…