Comprehensive review of greenness, whiteness, and blueness assessments of analytical methods

• GAC promotes eco-friendly methods by reducing waste, energy, and harmful reagents. • Modern metrics now include sample preparation for a more accurate sustainability assessment. • Several tools assess environmental impact using numerical or visual representations. • This review compares the advantages and limitations of current sustainability metrics. In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on green analytical chemistry GAC to minimize the environmental impact of analytical methods. GAC principles encourage the development of eco-friendly techniques by reducing waste, energy consumption, and harmful reagents. Several tools have been introduced to evaluate the environmental impact of analytical…