Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces in 6G Radio Localization: A Survey of Recent Developments, Opportunities, and Challenges

In this survey paper, we present an extensive review of the use of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) in 6G radio localization, highlighting their pivotal role as a low-cost, energy-efficient technology that reshapes wireless communication and localization landscapes. Investigating the versatile capabilities of RIS, we explore their dynamic control over electromagnetic wave manipulation, including reflection, refraction, and transmission, which opens new horizons in diverse applications ranging from Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity to advanced mobile communication, and various innovative applications in Industry 4.0. Our comprehensive review provides an overview of RIS use in 6G radio localization,…