articleNature MedicineFeb 27, 2025HYBRID OA

Neoadjuvant triplet immune checkpoint blockade in newly diagnosed glioblastoma

GVGeorgina V. LongESElena ShklovskayaLSLaveniya SatgunaseelanYMYizhe MaoIPInês Pires da Silva

The University of Sydney · Mater Health Services · +16 more institutions

PubMed
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Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary adult brain tumor that rapidly recurs after standard-of-care treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. While immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies have transformed outcomes in many tumor types, particularly when used neoadjuvantly or as a first-line treatment, including in melanoma brain metastases, they have shown limited efficacy in patients with resected or recurrent GBM. The lack of efficacy has been attributed to the scarcity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and low tumor mutation burden typical of GBM tumors, plus exclusion of large molecules from the brain parenchyma. We hypothesized that…

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Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Medicine
  • Immune checkpoint
  • Immunotherapy
  • Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
  • Ipilimumab
  • Cancer research
  • Melanoma
  • Immune system
UN Sustainable Development Goals
  • Good health and well-being
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