Pectin-Based Active and Smart Film Packaging: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advancements in Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Smart Colorimetric Systems for Enhanced Food Preservation

This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in biodegradable active and smart packaging utilizing pectin from various origins for food applications. It critically examines the challenges and limitations associated with these developments, initially focusing on the structural influences of pectin on the properties of packaging films. Methods such as spray drying, casting, and extrusion are detailed for manufacturing pectin films, highlighting their impact on film characteristics. In discussing active pectin films, the review emphasizes the effectiveness of incorporating essential oils, plant extracts, and nanoparticles to enhance mechanical strength, moisture barrier properties, and…