reviewChemical Society ReviewsJan 1, 2025Closed access

Implantable hydrogels as pioneering materials for next-generation brain–computer interfaces

University of Science and Technology of China · Chinese Academy of Sciences · +2 more institutions

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Abstract

Use of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) is rapidly becoming a transformative approach for diagnosing and treating various brain disorders. By facilitating direct communication between the brain and external devices, BCIs have the potential to revolutionize neural activity monitoring, targeted neuromodulation strategies, and the restoration of brain functions. However, BCI technology faces significant challenges in achieving long-term, stable, high-quality recordings and accurately modulating neural activity. Traditional implantable electrodes, primarily made from rigid materials like metal, silicon, and carbon, provide excellent conductivity but encounter serious issues such as foreign body rejection, neural…

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