articlenpj Sustainable Mobility and TransportMar 4, 2025DIAMOND OA

Large-scale empirical study of electric vehicle usage patterns and charging infrastructure needs

WZWeipeng ZhanYLYuan LiaoJDJunjun DengZWZhenpo WangSYSonia Yeh

Chalmers University of Technology · Beijing Institute of Technology · +1 more institution

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Abstract

As global electric vehicle (EV) adoption accelerates, granular analysis of empirical usage and charging patterns remains scarce. This study presents a unique large-scale empirical examination of 1.6 million EVs, including a broad array of vehicle types—private, taxi, rental, official, bus, and special purpose vehicle—across seven major Chinese cities with over 854 million observations of driving and charging events. Our findings illuminate significant heterogeneity in EV usage, battery energy, and charging behavior across vehicle types with notable city differences. Day-time high-power charging presents high loads on the electricity grid across all vehicle types, particularly from service-oriented vehicles,…

Citation impact

46
total citations
FWCI
27.22
Percentile
100%
References
26
Citations per year

Authors

5

Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Scale (ratio)
  • Electric vehicle
  • Business
  • Empirical research
  • Computer science
  • Transport engineering
  • Engineering
  • Geography
UN Sustainable Development Goals
  • Industry, innovation and infrastructure
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