The Evolution of Thermoplastic Raw Materials in High-Speed FFF/FDM 3D Printing Era: Challenges and Opportunities

The evolution of thermoplastic materials has played a critical role in advancing high-speed Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing technologies. This study explores the performance and challenges associated with next-generation thermoplastics specifically designed for high-speed printing, such as high-speed PLA, ABS, and PETG, in comparison to conventional materials. A systematic analysis was conducted to evaluate the key parameters, including the mechanical properties, layer adhesion, surface finish, and dimensional accuracy, under varying high-speed printing conditions. The results reveal that high-speed thermoplastics, when coupled with advanced hardware and…