An Antifreeze Gel as Strain Sensors and Machine Learning Assisted Intelligent Motion Monitoring of Triboelectric Nanogenerators in Extreme Environments

Abstract Traditional hydrogels tend to freeze and lose performance at low temperatures, limiting their applications. Additionally, hydrogels need to exhibit low hysteresis, excellent cycling stability, and self‐adhesion to ensure high‐quality signal acquisition in complex environments. To address this challenge, this study designed a dual‐network gel in a glycerol (Gly)/H 2 O solvent system. Due to the combination of chemical and physical crosslinking (hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions), the resulting gel exhibits skin‐adaptive modulus, high cycling stability, anti‐freezing ability, body temperature‐induced adhesion, and excellent electrical performance, making it suitable for wearable sensors at…

• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 22102067, 22472073