Smart Irrigation Technologies and Prospects for Enhancing Water Use Efficiency for Sustainable Agriculture

Rapid population growth, rising food demand, and climate change have created significant challenges to meet the water demands for agriculture. Effective irrigation water management is essential to address the world’s water crisis. The transition from conventional, frequently ineffective gravity-driven irrigations to contemporary, pressure-driven precision irrigation methods are explored in this article, addressing the difficulties associated with water-intensive irrigation, the possibility of updating conventional techniques, and the developments in smart and precision irrigation technologies. This study comprehensively analyses published literature of 150 articles from the year 2005 to 2024, based on titles,…